At the end of May she seemed to have intervened little in politics, as she was distracted by the illness of her elder son, who died early in June. November 1755 geboren . 1777 erhielt Marie Antoinette längeren Besuch von ihrem Bruder Kaiser Joseph II. In foreign policy, she encountered the opposition of both Louis XVI and Vergennes in her efforts to advance Austrian interests, and it is certain that her brother, Emperor Joseph II, was gravely disappointed at her lack of success. Gemälde Miniaturmalerei bei eBay. Biography of Marie-Antoinette, French Queen Consort, The Quote That Cost Queen Marie Antoinette Her Head, The Many Roles of Women in the French Revolution. Two years later, the attempted escape of the royal couple from Paris was stopped at Varennes on October 21, 1791. Kaiserin » Biographien » Marie Antoinette Marie Antoinette. She was charged with aiding the enemy and inciting civil war. ThoughtCo uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience. Popular hatred of Marie-Antoinette contributed to the monarchy’s overthrow in 1792 and to her and Louis XVI’s subsequent imprisonment. Marie-Antoinette was guillotined in 1793 after the Revolutionary Tribunal found her guilty of crimes against the state. Article Marie-Antoinette in Swedish Wikipedia has 66.0408 points for quality, 4548 points for popularity and 1 points for Authors’ Interest (AI) Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. https://www.thoughtco.com/marie-antoinette-biography-3530303 (accessed April 3, 2021). Corrections? Her sister Maria Carolina was married to Ferdinand IV, King of Naples, for similar reasons. Marie antoinette (born maria antonia josepha joanna von Österreich lothringen; november 2, 1755–october 16, 1793) was the queen of france, executed by guillotine during the french revolution. She was born on the same day as the famous earthquake of Lisbon. Her charisma and lightness contrasted with the withdrawn and uninspiring personality of her husband. Nach der Thronbesteigung ihres Gatten als Ludwig XVI. Marie-Antoinette von Österreich-Lothringen (Weitergeleitet von Marie_Antoinette) Marie-Antoinette (* 2. Porträt Marie Antoinettes, vermutlich von Jean-Baptiste-André Gautier-Dagoty, um 1775 (Musée Antoine-Lécuyer, Saint-Quentin) Marie-Antoinette (* 2. M aria Antonia Josepha Joanna von Österreich-Lothringen – better known as Marie-Antoinette – was born in Vienna on 2 November 1755, on the … August 1792 Königin … Until her death, she supported the monarchy against reforms and against the French Revolution. Marie Antoinette von Österreich-Lothringen und Dauphine von Frankreich. Her other court expenditures contributed—though to a minor degree—to the huge debt incurred by the French state in the 1770s and ’80s. The 1785â1786 Affair of the Diamond Necklace further discredited her and reflected poorly on the monarchy. Hol dir dein Lieblingsmodell! Mai 1770 Dauphine von Frankreich. Marie-Antoinette, mixed-method colour print on two sheets of paper by Jean-François Janinet, print after Jean-Baptiste-André Gautier d'Agoty, 1777; in the British Museum. He ascended the throne in 1774 as Louis XVI. Marie-Antoinette von Österreich-Lothringen, Königin von Frankreich, Gemälde von Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun (1755–1842) Marie-Antoinette perpétuelle Nr. Oktober 1793 in Paris) wurde als Erzherzogin Maria Antonia von … Marie-Antoinette, in full Marie-Antoinette-Josèphe-Jeanne d’Autriche-Lorraine (Austria-Lorraine), originally German Maria Antonia Josepha Joanna von Österreich-Lothringen, (born November 2, 1755, Vienna, Austria—died October 16, 1793, Paris, France), Austrian queen consort of King Louis XVI of France (1774–93). In August–September, however, she successfully prodded him to resist the attempts of the Revolutionary National Assembly to abolish feudalism and restrict the royal prerogative. She hoped for foreign intervention to end the revolution and free the royal family. November 1755 - 16. Discredited by the royal family’s failed escape, Marie-Antoinette attempted to shore up the rapidly deteriorating position of the crown by opening secret negotiations with the leaders of the constitutional monarchists in the Constituent Assembly, namely Antoine Barnave and Theodore and Alexandre de Lameth. She spent lavishly, but her extravagance was only a minor cause of France’s growing debt in the 1770s and ’80s. After a crowd stormed the Bastille on July 14, 1789, the queen failed to convince Louis to take refuge with his army at Metz. This duplicity paralyzed the pacific policy of the Feuillants and did not dissuade the émigrés from their more aggressive designs for the restoration of the ancien régime. Updates? Marie-Antoinette von Österreich-Lothringen . Instead, she urged the necessity of an armed congress of the powers to negotiate from strength for the restoration of the royal authority. By the time he ascended the throne in May 1774, Marie-Antoinette had withdrawn to seek companionship and distraction among a circle of favourites and politically vulnerable companions whom she might have avoided if her private life had been more satisfactory. - Marie Antoinette von Österreich-Lothringen (1755-1793) Queen Königin France Frankreich … In May 1790 the queen reached out to the comte de Mirabeau, a prominent member of the National Assembly who hoped to restore the authority of the crown. "Biography of Marie Antoinette, Queen Executed in the French Revolution." Marie-Antoinette von Österreich-Lothringen. Sie galt als höchst unbeliebt beim französischen Volk. Lewis, Jone Johnson. Lewis, Jone Johnson. Die Herrlichkeit von Versailles dargestellt von Marie-Antoinette von Österreich-Lothringen, ist Symbol für eine sorgenfreie Zeit. Reconstruction of the necklace that was at the centre of the scandal known as the Affair of the Diamond Necklace (1785). After the Bastille was stormed on July 14, 1789, the queen urged the king to resist the Assembly's reforms, making her even more unpopular and leading to the unproven attribution to her of the remark, "Qu'ils mangent de la brioche! The role that she played in French internal and foreign policy between the accession of Louis XVI and the outbreak of the Revolution has probably been much exaggerated. In her youth, she was a pawn on the diplomatic chessboard of Europe, as France and Austria attempted to navigate the complex web of allegiances that shaped the continent in the wake of the Seven Years’ War. Königin von Frankreich und Navarra (1774–1793), die beim französischen Volk nicht zuletzt durch die legendäre „Halsbandaffäre“ (1785) äußerst unbeliebt war. She was also unfortunate that the timid, uninspiring Louis proved to be an inattentive husband. 281 talking about this. Lewis, Jone Johnson. Stephan og Maria Theresia af Østrig, og blev i 1770 gift med Frankrigs kronprins, den senere Ludvig 16. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Steckbrief. The scandal discredited the monarchy and encouraged the nobles to vigorously oppose (1787–88) all the financial reforms advocated by the king’s ministers. Uhren von LOUIS XVI stehen für Schweizer Qualität und einzigartiges Design. She was only 14 when her parents had her married to the dauphin Louis, grandson of Louis XV of France, for diplomatic purposes. Sie gab Unmengen für Mode und ausgefallene Frisuren aus, während die einfachen Franzosen immer ärmer wurden. Oktober 1793 in Paris) wurde als Erzherzogin Maria Antonia von Österreich geboren. In more than one sense, Marie-Antoinette was a victim of circumstance. They arranged for the king and queen to escape from Paris on the night of June 20, but Revolutionary forces apprehended the royal couple at Varennes (June 25) and escorted them back to Paris. Because of Louis XVI’s indecisiveness, Marie-Antoinette played an increasingly prominent political role. Marie-Antoinettes impulsivitet og letsindighed skaffede hende mange fjender, og hun stødte hoffet fra sig ved at bryde den strenge etikette. In October 1789, the royal couple was forced to move from Versailles to Paris. Marie Antoinette was born in Austria, the 15th of 16 children born to Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Austrian Empress Maria Theresa. Though the queen had supported Jacques Necker’s return to power at the end of August 1788 and had approved of the concession of double representation to the Third Estate, her unpopularity was at its height when the Estates-General convened at Versailles in May 1789. von Frankreich, dieser wird 1793 hingerichtet, neun Monate später folgt ihm auch seine Frau, die Witwe Capet zum Schafott. "Biography of Marie Antoinette, Queen Executed in the French Revolution." Marie Antoinette (born Maria Antonia Josepha Joanna von Österreich-Lothringen; November 2, 1755–October 16, 1793) was an Austrian noble and French Queen Consort whose position as a hate figure for much of France helped contribute to the events of … Sep 19, 2017 - November 2, 1755 Vienna, Austria ♕ October 16, 1793 Paris, France . - Marie Antoinette von Österreich-Lothringen (1755-1793) Queen Königin France Frankreich Portrait Paris, Bligny 1770. In 1774, when her husband ascended the throne as Louis XVI, she became queen. Marie-Antoinette was the youngest daughter of the Holy Roman emperor Francis I and Maria Theresa. Marie-Antoinette von Österreich-Lothringen. During this time the queen had been deprived of the company of many of her most intimate friends, as they had emigrated after the fall of the Bastille, but she continued to display great personal courage that sustained the royal family both then and throughout its later disasters. Lamballe refused to take an oath against the monarchy, and on September 3, 1792, she was delivered to the hands of a Parisian mob; they cut off her head and paraded it on a pike outside Marie-Antoinette’s windows. Her rejection of reform and resistance to the French Revolution contributed to the monarchy’s overthrow in 1792. Marie-Antoinette was the youngest daughter of the Holy Roman emperor Francis I and Maria Theresa and was married to Louis XVI. Her alleged remark “Let them eat cake” has been cited as showing her obliviousness to the poor conditions in which many of her subjects lived while she lived decadently, but she probably never said it. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Marie Antoinette (née Maria Antonia Josepha Joanna von Österreich-Lothringen; 2 novembre 1755 - 16 octobre 1793) était la reine de France, exécutée par guillotine pendant la … May 1, 2012 - Document signed by Marie at Versailles in1783. Marie-Antoinette wurde als Erzherzogin Maria Antonia von Österreich geboren. The role Marie Antoinette played in French governmental affairs, both domestic and foreign, was likely greatly exaggerated. In October 1789 popular pressure compelled the royal family to return from Versailles to Paris, where they became hostages of the Revolutionary movement. The family was imprisoned in the Temple on August 13, 1792, and moved to the Conciergerie on August 1, 1793. Maria Antonia Josepha Joanna von Österreich-Lothringen; 2. Biography of King Louis XVI, Deposed in the French Revolution, The French Revolution, Its Outcome, and Legacy, A History of the Palace of Versailles, Jewel of the Sun King, Female European Historical Figures: 1500 - 1945, Biography of Louis XV, Beloved King of France, War of the First Coalition in 1790s France, A Narrative History of the French Revolution - Contents, M.Div., Meadville/Lombard Theological School. Even her indulgence of the persistent requests of her favourites, such as Yolande de Polastron, comtesse de Polignac, did not entail a great drain on the treasury. Her lavish spending, furthermore, did not significantly contribute to France's economic troubles before the revolution. From birth, she lived the life of wealthy royalty, educated by private tutors in music and languages. Name: Marie Antoinette von Österreich-Lothringen, geboren als Erzherzogin Maria Antonia von Österreich Geburtsdatum: 2. As with most royal daughters, Marie Antoinette was promised in marriage in order to build a diplomatic alliance between her birth family and the family of her husband. The French were also suspicious of her ties to Austria and her influence on King Louis XVI in attempting to foster policies friendly to Austria. The royal family had been compelled to leave Versailles in 1789 and live in captivity in Paris. Marie Antoinette - last Queen of France prior to the French Revolution. After an initial slow start at the expected role of child-bearerâher husband apparently had to be coached in his role in thisâMarie Antoinette gave birth to her first child, a daughter, in 1778, and sons in 1781 and 1785. It begins with a request for payment for the billeting of officers. Louis XVI was executed in January 1793, and Marie Antoinette was executed by the guillotine on October 16 of that year. Marie Antoinette von Österreich-Lothringen und Dauphine von Frankreich. It was ultimately her husband’s personal weakness and political nullity that forced Marie-Antoinette to play such a prominent political role during the Revolution. As queen, Marie-Antoinette was always unpopular. During the crises of 1789 as well as those to come, Marie-Antoinette proved to be stronger and more decisive than her husband. She was particularly disappointing to her brother, the Holy Roman Emperor, for her inability to further Austrian interests in France. By most accounts, she was a devoted mother. Paintings of the family stressed her domestic role. Da hängt der berühmteste Satz von Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna Erzherzogin von Österreich (1755-1793), guillotiniert als Witwe Capet, schier in … Die französische Königin Marie Antoinette wurde in jungen Jahren nach Frankreich verheiratet. The princess de Lamballe, who remained loyal to the queen throughout the Revolution, was imprisoned along with her. By using ThoughtCo, you accept our, Marie Antoinette and the French Revolution. The 11th daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and Maria Theresa, Marie-Antoinette was just 14 years old when she was married to the dauphin Louis, grandson of France’s King Louis XV, on May 16, 1770. Wie Marie Antoinette die Welt veränderte Nach dem Tod des Königs Ludwig folgte im Mai 1774 die Amtszeit von Louis-Auguste . ThoughtCo. Finden Sie Top-Angebote für Marie-Antoinette von Österreich-Lothringen Ludwig XVI. She urged her brother, the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II, to intervene, and she supported a French declaration of war against Austria in April 1792, which she hoped would result in the defeat of France. Mai 1774 an Königin von Frankreich und Navarra, nach der Französischen Revolution vom 4. (2020, August 26). ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/marie-antoinette-biography-3530303. Her efforts, for example, to secure the return to power of Étienne-François de Choiseul, duc de Choiseul, in 1774 were unsuccessful. November 1755; Geburtsort: Wien, Österreich Gestorben am: 16.
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