johann wolfgang von goethe

But if you treat him as if he were what he … Johann Wolfgang von Goethe is perhaps best known for The Sorrows of Young Werther (1774), the first novel of the Sturm und Drang movement, and for Faust (Part I, 1808; Part II, 1832), a play about a man who sells his soul to the Devil that is sometimes considered Germany’s greatest contribution to world literature. trans. New York: M. Walter Dunne, 1901. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Gone's for once the old magician With his countenance forbidding; I 'm now master, I 'm tactician, All his ghosts must do my bidding. It sparked the phenomenon "Werther-Fieber" ("Werther Fever"), in which young men throughout Europe began dressing like the tragic protagonist, and brought Goethe to the court of Carl August, Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, where he would become an important advisor. None are so hopelessly enslaved, as those who falsely believe they are free. In 1765, therefore, Goethe left home to study law in Leipzig. Goethe composed literary works and established artistic principles that had a profound influence on his contemporaries throughout Europe, and which are still looked to as models. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, (born August 28, 1749, Frankfurt am Main [Germany]—died March 22, 1832, Weimar, Saxe-Weimar), German poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre director, critic, and amateur artist, considered the greatest German literary figure of the modern era. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. He is buried in the Ducal Vault at Weimar's Historical Cemetery. The epic poem-as-play has been adapted into an opera and is still performed throughout the world. Randall Jarrell, who translated Faust from his Poet Laureate's office at the Library of Congress, called him his "own favorite daemon, dear good great Goethe." In the drawing academy run by Adam Friedrich Oeser—friend and teacher of the art historian Johann Winckelmann, then living in Rome—Goethe indirectly became one of Winckelmann’s disciples. Goethe's magnum opus, lauded as one of the peaks of world literature, is the two-part drama Faust. Napolean Bonaparte called it one of the greatest works of European Literature. His father was well-educated and very strict. Der Vater war ein promovierter Jurist, lebte aber dank eines ererbten Vermögens als Privatier. Goethe was one of the very few figures of Germany’s 18th-century literary renaissance who were, in the full sense of the term, bourgeois. His lawyer father, Johann Caspar Goethe (1710-1782), and mother, Catharina Elisabeth Textor (1731-1808), were able to provide their first son a comfortable childhood and a good education. Berühmt ist auch Goethes Farbenlehre. He is regarded as the supreme genius of modern German literature. He wrote his first widely-read novel, the loosely-autobiographical, joyfully-romantic tragedy, The Sorrows of Young Werther, in 1774, at the age of 24. Reluctantly and with some delay, Goethe followed his father’s prescription, although he did not complete the final stages until some years after his father’s death. 223-24). Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. In the literary culture of the German-speaking countries, he has had so dominant a position that, since the end of the 18th century, his writings have been described as “classical.”. Know his incantation, Spell and gestures too; By my mind's creation Wonders shall I do. However, his writings—emotive, far-reaching, prophetic, and formal—stimulated generations of Western literature and thought. His best known writings include "The Sorrows of Young Werther" (his first novel) and "Faust" (a drama in two parts). Biographies of Goethe include John G. Robertson, The Life and Work of Goethe, 1749-1832 (1932), and Richard Friedenthal, Goethe: His Life and Times (1963; trans. Poems by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. His emotional state became hectic, and his health gave way—he may have suffered an attack of tuberculosis—and in September 1768 he returned home to Frankfurt without a degree. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. © Academy of American Poets, 75 Maiden Lane, Suite 901, New York, NY 10038. He began studying law at Leipzig University at the age of 16 and practiced law briefly before devoting most of his life to writing poetry, plays and novels. The Frankfurt in which he was born and in which his social attitudes were formed was, as it is now, a wealthy commercial and financial centre, but it was also virtually a self-governing republic, a city-state within the Holy Roman Empire. August 1749 in Frankfurt am Main geboren. The Lover’s Caprice), begun in 1767. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Goethe's father, a lawyer, prioritized his son's education, enabling him to engage in many literary and cultural pursuits. Author of. His contributions to science include his work in botany and his Theory of Colours. He is considered one of the greatest literary figures of his age, and not only. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. He fell in love with the daughter of an innkeeper, Käthchen Schönkopf, but she preferred someone more solid, a lawyer who eventually became deputy burgomaster of Leipzig. One of the preeminent figures in German literature, poet, playwright, and novelist Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was born in Frankfurt, Germany, in 1749. The German poet, novelist, playwright, courtier, scientist, and philosopher Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832) ranks among the greatest authors of Western literature. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s father, Johann Caspar Goethe (1710–82), was a man of leisure who lived on an inherited fortune. Profile: German writer, artist and politician, born 28 August 1749 in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, died 22 March 1832, in Weimar, Germany. His father had very definite ideas about his education and intended that Goethe should follow the pattern he himself had pursued as a young man: studying law, gaining experience at the Reichskammergericht (the supreme court of the Holy Roman Empire) in Wetzlar, and eventually rounding off his worldly culture with a grand tour to Italy, after which he could marry and settle down, perhaps rising, as his father had not been able to do, to a position of responsibility in the city administration. His works span the fields of poetry, drama, literature, theology, philosophy, humanism and science. Unlike most of his contemporaries, he had no need, at least in the first half of his life, to seek princely patronage of his writing or employment as an official or an academic. Share with your friends. Goethe was the eldest of seven children, though only one other survived into adulthood, his sister Cornelia (1750–77), for whom he felt an intense affection of whose potentially incestuous nature he seems to have been aware. He was opposed to the church ceremony that was, at the time, the only way of being legally married, so, although she bore Goethe a son, August, in 1789, he didn’t marry her until the Napoleonic army sacked the city in which they lived. Goethe's father, a lawyer, prioritized his son's education, enabling him to engage in many literary and cultural pursuits. In September 1786, after ten years in the Weimar civil service, when his fortieth … Among the best introductions to G… Goethe's love for poetry persisted through his legal training, and he anonymously released Annette, his first collection of poems, in 1770. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a key personality in the list of German writers and polymaths. German poet, dramatist and philosopher, was born at Frankfort-on-Main on the 28th of August 1749. In his youth, he learned Greek, Latin and French. Emeritus Schröder Professor of German, Magdalene College, Cambridge. Criticisms on Many Subjects by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. His Faust, though eminently stageworthy when suitably edited, is also Europe’s greatest long poem since John Milton’s Paradise Lost, if not since Dante’s The Divine Comedy. He also wrote some letters that are seen as beautiful, and that showed his promise as a writer. Corrections? He influenced many 19th century writers and thinkers. Intro. Goethe took revenge by starting his first mature play, Die Mitschuldigen (1787; “Partners in Guilt”), a verse comedy showing a woman’s regrets after a year of marriage to the wrong man. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832) was a German poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre director, critic, and amateur artist. Real Name: Johann Wolfgang Goethe. Goethe met the poet and playwright Friedrich Schiller in 1794, beginning a collaborative relationship that would result in a creative success for both artists. Goethe was fascinated by writers such as Homer and Ovid, and committed whole passages of these texts to heart. 1965). Auch die Mutter kam aus wohlhabenden Verhältnissen. Search more than 3,000 biographies of contemporary and classic poets. Der »Dichterfürst« war zudem Staatsmann und beeinflusste die Kunst seiner Zeit. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832), German poet, playwright, novelist, and natural philosopher is best known for his two-part poetic drama Faust, (1808-1832) which he started around the age of twenty three and didn't finish till shortly before his death sixty years later. Goethe was the eldest of seven children, though only one other survived into adulthood, his sister Cornelia (1750–77). Goethe’s mother, Catharina Elisabeth Textor (1731–1808), was one of the daughters of Frankfurt’s most senior official and was a lively woman closer in age to her son than to her husband. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe - Johann Wolfgang von Goethe - Legacy: Goethe was a contemporary of thinkers—Kant, Herder, Fichte, Schelling, Hegel, Wilhelm and Alexander von Humboldt—who carried out an intellectual revolution that is at the basis of most modern thinking about religion, art, society, and thought itself. Goethe was born in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Please select which sections you would like to print: While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Quotations by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, German Writer, Born August 28, 1749. The truth has been kept … He could be said to stand in the same relation to the culture of the era that began with the Enlightenment and continues to the present day as William Shakespeare does to the culture of the Renaissance and Dante to the culture of the High Middle Ages. The two transformed the Weimar Theatre into a national treasure and their cumulative writings form the heart of German literature, having also been adapted by many composers such as Mozart and Beethoven. Goethe wrote extensively during this period, including his Roman Elegies, a seductive 24-poem cycle about his trip to Italy, but it was not until after Schiller's death in 1805 that he produced his most famous work, Faust, about a duel with the devil in the search for transcendent knowledge. When Goethe was a young boy, he began to write stories and plays for his friends. His works include epic and lyric poetry; prose and verse dramas; memoirs; an autobiography; literary and aesthetic criticism; treatises on botany, anatomy, and colour; and four novels. Als Naturforscher kam er zu bedeutenden Erkenntnissen. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. … With Goethe, however, his poetry, scientific investigations, and philosophical worldview are manifestly informed by his life, and are indeed intimately connected with his lived experiences. In later years, Goethe expressed his disgust with the novel and the romantic genre out of which it emerged; however, its effect on Goethe's career and public image were undeniable. The nobility and the grand and petty sovereigns who figured so much in Goethe’s later life had no part in his early experiences: he was a town child from a rich family in an essentially middle-class world. Travel as Therapy. Goethe was educated with his sister at home by tutors until he was 16. Omissions? He came, on his father’s side, of Thuringian stock, his great-grandfather, Hans Christian Goethe, havi The child of an imperial councilor, Goethe had a thoroughly classical education before entering Leipzig University in 1765. Ihr Vater, ebenfalls Jurist, hielt als Schultheiß das höchste Amt im Frankf… “If you treat an individual as he is, he will remain how he is. Enjoy the best Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Quotes at BrainyQuote. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. 1932) and Italian Journey, 1786-1788 (trans. His literary works include epic as well as lyric poetry which he wrote in different styles, dramas of diverse kinds as well as his autobiography. Goethe had in almost-finished form a biblical play and a moralistic novel when he entered the university, but, after reading them to his friends, he ostentatiously burned them as unworthy of his now advanced taste and started to write erotic verse and a pastoral drama, Die Laune des Verliebten (1806; “The Lover’s Spleen”; Eng. Flood impassive With persistence In the words of Georg Simmel, “…Goethe’s individual works gradually appear to take on less significanc… George Eliot called him "Germany's greatest man of letters... and the last true polymath to walk the earth." At the same time, though, he seriously studied alchemy and may already have formed the idea of writing a play about Faust, a half-legendary figure who sells his soul to the Devil for knowledge and power and who became the subject of Goethe’s greatest work. Throughout the 1770s, Goethe practiced a unique, progressive version of law across Germany, while maintaining a side career as an editor, playwright, and poet. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a German writer. With a Preface by Eckermann. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (August 28, 1749 – March 22, 1832) was a German poet, playwright, novelist and scientist. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (August 28, 1749 – March 22, 1832) was a German writer, poet, novelist, and playwright. Updates? Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was one of the rare giants of world literature. Goethe reveals himself in Goethe's Autobiography: Poetry and Truth from My Life (trans. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a German writer and statesman. Gemeinsam mit seiner jüngeren Schwester Cornelia wuchs er in einem repräsentativen Haus in der Frankfurter Innenstadt auf. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The person born with a talent they are meant to use will find their greatest happiness in using it. Learn how Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's failed love affairs inspired his works. He studied law in Leipzig from 1765 to 1768. Goethe is the only German literary figure whose range and international standing equal those of Germany’s supreme philosophers (who have often drawn on his works and ideas) and composers (who have often set his works to music). Born in Frankfurt, Germany, on August 28, 1749, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was tutored extensively in languages as a child. The university there had been the centre of Germany’s literary revival over the previous 40 years. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was born in Frankfurt am Main on August 28, 1749 into prosperous circumstances. Another bout of illness then brought him apparently near death, and in the aftermath he underwent a brief conversion from freethinking to evangelical Christianity. 1962). In the literary culture of the German-speaking countries, he has had so dominant a position that, since the end of the 18th century, his writings have been described as “classical.” In a European perspective he appears as the central and unsurpassed representative of the Romantic movement, broadly understood. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe formally married Christiane Vulpius in October 1806. He also contributed to botany and anatomy. Johann’s mother, Catharina Elisabeth Textor (1731–1808), was a daughter of Frankfurt’s most senior official. Another emotional factor in the poet’s childhood that may have affected his later development was a love-hate relationship with a younger brother, who died in 1759 at age six: Goethe’s later relationships with literary contemporaries were ambiguous, though he nonetheless described them as “brothers,” and he was repelled by literary and artistic representations of death. Historical studies should generally avoid the error of thinking that the circumstances of a philosopher’s life necessitate their theoretical conclusions. In 1765, Goethe left home to study law, as his father wished, but due to his illness (probably tuberculosis), he returned home without a degree. An excellent introduction to Goethe the man is David Luke and Robert Pick, eds., Goethe: Conversations and Encounters (1966), a collection of writings by his contemporaries. Wallace Wood. After growing up in a privileged upper middle class family, he studied law in Leipzig from 1765 to 1768, although he was more interested in literature. Born in Frankfurt, Germany, on August 28, 1749, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was tutored extensively in languages as a child. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, (born August 28, 1749, Frankfurt am Main [Germany]—died March 22, 1832, Weimar, Saxe-Weimar), German poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre director, critic, and amateur artist, considered the greatest German literary figure of the modern era. Johann Wolfgang Goethe was born on 28 August 1749 in Frankfurt am Main, Germany as son of a lawyer. He joined other young men who wanted to chan… His mother was only eighteen when he was born. Ralph Waldo Emerson, deeply influenced by Goethe's merging of science and art, called Goethe the "surpassing intellect of modern times," and said of his life: Goethe died in Weimar on March 22, 1832. Goethe's works span the fields of poetry, drama, literature, theology, humanism, and science. He continued his studies in Strasbourg from 1770 to 1771. His father, Johann Caspar Goethe (1710–82), the son of a wealthy tailor-turned-innkeeper, was a man of leisure who lived on his inherited fortune and devoted himself, after studying law in Leipzig and Strasbourg and touring Italy, France, and the Low Countries, to collecting books and paintings and to the education of his children. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (August 28, 1749 – March 22, 1832) was a German novelist, playwright, poet, and statesman who has been described as Germany’s William Shakespeare. Return to Weimar and the French Revolution (1788–94), https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Wolfgang-von-Goethe, Poetry Foundation - Biography of Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Biography of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, The University of Adelaide - Biography of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, AllMusic - Biography of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Academy of American Poets - Biography of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Theatre Database - Biography of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Discover how Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's failed relationships inspired him to produce some of the greatest literary works.
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